Back at the end of February, when Nader had announced his intention to run, Kevin Drum (then of Calpundit), suggested that while the mainstream media had to cover Nader, it might be best if he was ignored by the blogosphere, there being more important things to concentrate on. I remember agreeing with that, and I thought I had blogged to say so, but I can't find the entry now. (Maybe I made my agreement privately, I dunno.)
In any case while I have mananaged (for the most part) to contain my bile about the role Nader & the people who voted for him played in electing Bush in 2000, I have blogged about him now and again, and I'm going to do so again now, because I've come up with something that I think is interesting.
One of the consistent claims made by Nader and his partisans is that his candidacy did not (and will not) help elect Bush because he draws from both candidates equally. I've taken a look at a good number of polls that had both direct head-to-head Bush/Kerry numbers and three-way Bush/Kerry/Nader numbers, and I've found that Nader's claim is (as you might expect) not true, his being in the race hurts Kerry more than it hurts Bush. However, the Nader Effect is not as pronounced as you might think.
Using data posted on David Wissing's website, The Hedgehog Report, for both national head-to-head polls and national three-way polls, I matched up those performed by the same polling organization at the same time and found 43 pairs of results, ranging in date from Fox News on 2/18-19 to today's LA Times and Fox polls. Using these, I found that while in the head-to-head results Kerry was beating Bush by an average of 1.37 percentage points, in the 3-way results with Nader, he was losing to Bush by an average of 0.16 points. This means there is an observable "Nader Effect" of 1.53 percentage points drawn from Kerry.
Obviously, 1.53 points doesn't seems like an awful lot, and these are national results not a specific state-by-state comparison, but with many in-state polling results in a statistical dead heat, a point and a half pulled away from Kerry could turn out to be very significant. After all, in 2000 there were 5 states in which the winner was determined by less than that: New Hampshire (Bush by 1.27), Oregon (Gore by 0.44), Iowa (Gore by 0.31), Wisconsin (Gore by 0.22) and, of course, Florida (Bush by 0.01 and Supreme Court fiat). I have every hope that the election won't be nearly as close, but, so far, these are no overwhelming indications that will be the case, and the 1 1/2 point Nader Effect may turn out to be extremely important.
You can see the effect in operation in a graph I made of all the head-to-head and 3-way results on Wissing's site. The red Nader-influenced results on the right cluster lower down than do the black head-to-head results, and more of the 3-way ponts are below the 0% (Kerry and Bush tied) line then the head-to-head points.
There are fewer in-state polls that provide both head-to-head and 3-way results, but I looked at those I had (12 of them: ACT & ARG in Florida, Research 2000 in Iowa, two Epic/MRA polls in Michigan, two ARG polls in New Hampshire, Columbus Dispatch in Ohio, Rasmussen and Research2000 in Oregon, and Badger and Rasmussen in Wisconsin) and found a Nader Effect there as well, and more pronounced. Head-to-head in these polls, Kerry averages 1.50 points over Bush; with Nader in a 3-way, Kerry runs behind by an average 0.42 points -- together, that's an in-state Nader Effect of 1.92 points.
If you combine the national and the in-state data, the total observed Nader effect is 1.62 points being drawn from Kerry, so I'd say it's reasonable to assume that he'll take away anywhere from 1 1/2 to 2 points in the election, or possibly more, depending on what the undecideds do.
Update: Immediately after I initially posted this, I found that ARG had released results in New Hampshire, so I've updated the text to reflect those figures.
Update: Fox News also released national results today, so I've included those and rewritten the text. I don't plan to keep updating this continually, but may take a look at the figures periodically to see if the Nader Effect remains the same.
Update: Chris Bowers kindly links to this on MyDD and observes that the "Nader Effect" I've seen so far in polling results
seems to be slightly higher than Nader's national impact during the previous election. In 2000, exit polls of Nader voters showed the following set of preferences:
46% would have picked Gore
31% would have sat out the election
23% would have favored Bush
Considering Nader's national vote total of 2,883,105, this exit poll estimates that if Nader had not been on the ballot, Gore would have finished with 50.07% of the national vote, while Bush would have finished with 48.91% of the national vote. A 1.16% national victory would have been an improvement of 0.65% for Gore over his actual victory of 0.51%, almost a full-point less than the impact Ed documents in 2004.
So I guess this means that 1.5 points is a pretty big deal. Chris does issue the caveat that third parties generally poll better early on (before the conventions) and close to Election Day as well, but then don't get results commensurate with their poll returns.
For myself, I'll be happier if the Nader Effect either decreases, or Kerry's margins become large enough to swallow it whole, but there is (so far, and we've still got 5 months to go) not much sign of a big breakout for him yet.
Update: Make sure to take a look at the objections to my conclusion of an observable "Nader Effect" from Scott Pauls, who (if I've Googled the right person) is a professor of mathematics, and therefore much more conversant with statistics (and their pitfalls) than I am. His remarks (and my reply and his response) are in the comments thread here, on MyDD.
Update (6/15): Well, it looks like someone had already beaten me to the punch. I've just now found on the website Don't Vote Ralph a study, made about a month ago, which examined the 37 national polls available to that time, and showed that:
Of the 37 polls reviewed, 32 show Nader hurting Kerry, 4 show no effect, and 1 shows Nader hurting Bush (and that by a scant 1%).
[...]
While the percentage swings to Bush are all single-digit, the consensus is overwhelming, directly discrediting Nader’s claims.
In addition to national polls, we found state and special-interest polls that similarly compared Bush and Kerry head-to-head and with Nader added to the mix. Here the results were even more striking. Among other things, these polls (the first six in the above table) show Nader flipping New Jersey and Pennsylvania from Kerry to Bush, and causing an 8% surge for Bush among the large Arab-American vote in four critical swing states. These results alone would almost certainly swing the election to Bush.
The implications of these findings could be enormous. The nation is very closely divided, and it is extremely likely that in some battleground states, these numbers would determine the outcome. When a few percent of voters in a few states will determine the next president, Nader’s independent candidacy could well tip the balance.
absolutist
aggresive
anti-Constitutional
anti-intellectual
arrogant
authoritarian
blame-placers
blameworthy
blinkered
buckpassers
calculating
class warriors
clueless
compassionless
con artists
conniving
conscienceless
conspiratorial
corrupt
craven
criminal
crooked
culpable
damaging
dangerous
deadly
debased
deceitful
delusional
despotic
destructive
devious
disconnected
dishonorable
dishonest
disingenuous
disrespectful
dogmatic
doomed
fanatical
fantasists
felonious
hateful
heinous
hostile to science
hypocritical
ideologues
ignorant
immoral
incompetent
indifferent
inflexible
insensitive
insincere
irrational
isolated
kleptocratic
lacking in empathy
lacking in public spirit
liars
mendacious
misleading
mistrustful
non-rational
not candid
not "reality-based"
not trustworthy
oblivious
oligarchic
opportunistic
out of control
pernicious
perverse
philistine
plutocratic
prevaricating
propagandists
rapacious
relentless
reprehensible
rigid
scandalous
schemers
selfish
secretive
shameless
sleazy
tricky
unAmerican
uncaring
uncivil
uncompromising
unconstitutional
undemocratic
unethical
unpopular
unprincipled
unrealistic
unreliable
unrepresentative
unscientific
unscrupulous
unsympathetic
venal
vile
virtueless
warmongers
wicked
without integrity
wrong-headed
Thanks to: Breeze, Chuck, Ivan Raikov, Kaiju, Kathy, Roger, Shirley, S.M. Dixon
recently seen
i've got a little list...
Elliott Abrams
Steven Abrams (Kansas BofE)
David Addington
Howard Fieldstead Ahmanson
Roger Ailes (FNC)
John Ashcroft
Bob Bennett
William Bennett
Joe Biden
John Bolton
Alan Bonsell (Dover BofE)
Pat Buchanan
Bill Buckingham (Dover BofE)
George W. Bush
Saxby Chambliss
Bruce Chapman (DI)
Dick Cheney
Lynne Cheney
Richard Cohen
The Coors Family
Ann Coulter
Michael Crichton
Lanny Davis
Tom DeLay
William A. Dembski
James Dobson
Leonard Downie (WaPo)
Dinesh D’Souza
Gregg Easterbrook
Jerry Falwell
Douglas Feith
Arthur Finkelstein
Bill Frist
George Gilder
Newt Gingrich
John Gibson (FNC)
Alberto Gonzalez
Rudolph Giuliani
Sean Hannity
Katherine Harris
Fred Hiatt (WaPo)
Christopher Hitchens
David Horowitz
Don Imus
James F. Inhofe
Jesse Jackson
Philip E. Johnson
Daryn Kagan
Joe Klein
Phil Kline
Ron Klink
William Kristol
Ken Lay
Joe Lieberman
Rush Limbaugh
Trent Lott
Frank Luntz
"American Fundamentalists"
by Joel Pelletier
(click on image for more info)
Chris Matthews
Mitch McConnell
Stephen C. Meyer (DI)
Judith Miller (ex-NYT)
Zell Miller
Tom Monaghan
Sun Myung Moon
Roy Moore
Dick Morris
Rupert Murdoch
Ralph Nader
John Negroponte
Grover Norquist
Robert Novak
Ted Olson
Elspeth Reeve (TNR)
Bill O'Reilly
Martin Peretz (TNR)
Richard Perle
Ramesh Ponnuru
Ralph Reed
Pat Robertson
Karl Rove
Tim Russert
Rick Santorum
Richard Mellon Scaife
Antonin Scalia
Joe Scarborough
Susan Schmidt (WaPo)
Bill Schneider
Al Sharpton
Ron Silver
John Solomon (WaPo)
Margaret Spellings
Kenneth Starr
Randall Terry
Clarence Thomas
Richard Thompson (TMLC)
Donald Trump
Richard Viguere
Donald Wildmon
Paul Wolfowitz
Bob Woodward (WaPo)
John Yoo
guest-blogging
All the fine sites I've
guest-blogged for:
Be sure to visit them all!!
recent listening
influences
John Adams
Laurie Anderson
Aphex Twin
Isaac Asimov
Fred Astaire
J.G. Ballard
The Beatles
Busby Berkeley
John Cage
"Catch-22"
Raymond Chandler
Arthur C. Clarke
Elvis Costello
Richard Dawkins
Daniel C. Dennett
Philip K. Dick
Kevin Drum
Brian Eno
Fela
Firesign Theatre
Eliot Gelwan
William Gibson
Philip Glass
David Gordon
Stephen Jay Gould
Dashiell Hammett
"The Harder They Come"
Robert Heinlein
Joseph Heller
Frank Herbert
Douglas Hofstadter
Bill James
Gene Kelly
Stanley Kubrick
Jefferson Airplane
Ursula K. LeGuin
The Marx Brothers
John McPhee
Harry Partch
Michael C. Penta
Monty Python
Orbital
Michael Powell & Emeric Pressburger
"The Prisoner"
"The Red Shoes"
Steve Reich
Terry Riley
Oliver Sacks
Erik Satie
"Singin' in the Rain"
Stephen Sondheim
The Specials
Morton Subotnick
Talking Heads/David Byrne
Tangerine Dream
Hunter S. Thompson
J.R.R. Tolkien
"2001: A Space Odyssey"
Kurt Vonnegut
Yes
Bullshit, trolling, unthinking knee-jerk dogmatism and the drivel of idiots will be ruthlessly deleted and the posters banned.
Entertaining, interesting, intelligent, informed and informative comments will always be welcome, even when I disagree with them.
I am the sole judge of which of these qualities pertains.
E-mail
All e-mail received is subject to being published on unfutz without identifying names or addresses.
Corrections
I correct typos and other simple errors of grammar, syntax, style and presentation in my posts after the fact without necessarily posting notification of the change.
Substantive textual changes, especially reversals or major corrections, will be noted in an "Update" or a footnote.
Also, illustrations may be added to entries after their initial publication.
the story so far
unfutz: toiling in almost complete obscurity for almost 1500 days
If you read unfutz at least once a week, without fail, your teeth will be whiter and your love life more satisfying.
If you read it daily, I will come to your house, kiss you on the forehead, bathe your feet, and cook pancakes for you, with yummy syrup and everything.
(You might want to keep a watch on me, though, just to avoid the syrup ending up on your feet and the pancakes on your forehead.)
Finally, on a more mundane level, since I don't believe that anyone actually reads this stuff, I make this offer: I'll give five bucks to the first person who contacts me and asks for it -- and, believe me, right now five bucks might as well be five hundred, so this is no trivial offer.